|
|
 |
|
|
Technical
Specifications
French horn specifications vary enormously, but generally fall into three
main categories: "Single Horns", "Compensating Horns" and "Double
Horns". |
Single
Horns
The simplest configuration is the single horn - pitched in either F or
Bb (higher). These are popular amongst students as they are lighter in
weight than more complicated specifications and generally more inexpensive.
|
 |
Double
Horns
The inherent problem with a single horn however is a lack of range due
to the constrictions of the available natural harmonics of a horn pitched
in a particular key. In order to play the full spectrum of pitch required
in the horn repertoire a player needs two horns and an ability to continually
change between them!
Alternatively, a double horn is "two horns in one", sharing a
common lead pipe and bell section. A forth valve (operated with the thumb)
enables the player to switch between the Bb and F "sides" of
the instrument. This gives the player a greater range. Additionally, where
the range of the Bb and F horns overlaps, it enables the player to choose
which side of the horn to play a particular note on - to select the most
in-tune or secure harmonic - aiding tone and tuning.
The drawback of a "double" is the added weight involved in having
the extra tubing of two horns wound into one. |
 |
Compensating
Horns
A compensating horn is a compromise between a single and a double horn.
In essence it is a single horn pitched in Bb with a 4th valve that engages
an extra piece of tubing which transposes the horn down a forth into F.
In addition each of the valves has a compensating "knuckle" of
tubing, to put the instrument in tune when valves 1-3 are engaged when
the instrument is playing in F. For a full explanation of compensation
see our background brass section.
Thus compensating horns enable players to have the range of a "double",
without the added weight and/or expense. However, the compensation system
doesn't offer the level of secure tuning and natural harmonics available
in a "double". |
Other
Horn Configurations
The "double" horn is the "standard" horn, adopted by
most players as their main instrument. However there are other configurations
that are favoured by players for certain work. Double descant horns are
double horns pitched in Bb and (high) F (as opposed to low F and Bb), and
are designed for high pitched repertoire. |
 |
Triple horns are mechanically the most complex of all horns, combining
the F, Bb and high F horns in a single instrument - enabling ultimate flexibility
and range. Even more heavy and expensive than a "double"! |
 |
Specification
Options
As well as deciding which general type of horn you require there are a
number of other feature options to choose from.
"Mini Horns" Some manufacturers produce "mini horns" - which
are tighter "wrapped" and have a smaller diameter bell to offer a more
compact instrument for smaller players. These are usually single horns, although
Besson offer a "compensator". |
Detachable
bells
Many manufacturers offer the option of a detachable bell on some models
- which creates obvious advantages in terms of portability. However, players
are mixed about the effects on tone of a detachable bell, and consequently
they are not particularly popular. |
 |
"A" Stopping
Valves
An extra valve is sometimes added to descant horns which is engaged when "hand
stopping" sections are played on the Bb side. This transposes the
instrument down a semi-tone (from Bb to A) to compensate for the effect
on pitch of hand stopping the horn. |
 |
Eb
Slides
Some student single F horns come with an additional Eb slide to transpose
the instrument down a tone so the horn can play Eb (tenor) horn parts without
the need for transposition. |
 |
Rotors
French horns use rotary valves which can add considerable weight to an
instrument - due to the fact that within the valve is a solid piece of
cast metal. Some manufacturers offer "hollow" valves (created
using pieces of pipe within a rotating core), which are lighter weight
and offer a quicker response for fast passages.
Bell Specification The bell material, flair and diameter has a profound
effect on the characteristics of an instrument. These are discussed in
detail in our trumpet and trombone sections and exactly the same principles
apply.
Product Recommendations
Single Horns
Most popular here are the Besson 600 series horns, available in standard
and compact configuration, and both Bb and F. The standard F horns (BE603)
come with an interchangeable Eb slide. The standard Bb horn (BE604) has
an A stopping valve.
Also very
popular is the Sonata “Mini-Horn” – an ultra-compact
horn for the young player.
Compensating Horns
By far our most popular model is the Kalison horn. Manufactured in Italy
it is also known in the UK as the Paxman Studenti. The Besson 701 is
another option. Besson also make a compact compensating model (BE605).
Double Horns
The most popular instruments for intermediate to advanced students stepping
up to a double are the Yamaha 567 and Holton H-378. Moving up in price,
Yamaha and Holton remain prevalent choices with the Yamaha 667 and 668
models, and Holton H-178, 179 and 181 being the best sellers. Other popular
options include the Conn 8 and 10D and the Besson Sovereign Horns (made
by Josef Lidl). |
Other
Configurations
When it comes to more exotic specifications, there is a whole range of
makes and models to choose from. We've not listed these in our catalogue
for lack of space, so we recommend you call us up to discuss your requirements. |
|
|
|
 |
|
